Attenuation of the severity and changes in the microbiota in an animal model of primary biliary cholangitis by FOXP3 ⁻ regulatory T cells

Abstract Background Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), an autoimmune liver disease, presents with progressive damage to the intrahepatic bile ducts infiltrating mononuclear cells and appearance of anti‐mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). The initiation disease is permissively mediated by dysfunctional regulatory T (Treg cells). Naïve CD4 + cultured splenic B220 without additional cytokines or chemicals can differentiate into specific types Treg (Treg/B cells) expressing forkhead box P3. In this study, we explored effects Treg/B on severity changes in intestinal microbiota a murine model PBC. Methods were administered 2‐octenoic acid‐induced PBC mice. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry histopathological techniques used evaluate assess its therapeutic effect. Diversity was determined using 16S rRNA sequencing. suppressive mechanisms investigated bone marrow‐derived dendritic (BMDCs). Results Treg/B‐cell treatment significantly decreased levels serum AMAs against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2, lowered acids, attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced activation, altered population alleviated collagen synthesis addition, changed faecal microbial diversity Furthermore, proinflammatory expression costimulatory molecules BMDCs. This inhibitory effect partially cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 pathway. Conclusion Treatment inflammation gut microbiota. Immune regulation may be potential strategy for treating disease.